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Sturges, Octavius Anatomy
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Post Mortem Examinations and Case Books

  • 406 PM
  • Collection
  • 1840-1946

The post mortem records contain manuscript case notes, with medical notes both pre and post mortem. These include details on patients’ admission to the hospital, treatments and medication administered to patients and the medical history of patients; the medical histories were copied into the volumes from hospital registers, which are no longer extant. The post mortem cases include detailed pathological findings made during the detailed examination of the body after death. From the 1880s onwards the case books contain original anatomical drawings and photographs.

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The following information is recorded for each case. The information is transcribed from the case notes and/or the relevant index and, where relevant, additionally standardised using MeSH (Medical Subject Headings)

• Name of the patient. If a name is not entered in the volume, it is noted in the catalogue as ‘[No name stated]’

• Gender of the patient (female / male / unknown)

• Age of the patient. Usually in numbers, following the original, with the following exceptions: 4/12 = 4 months, 4/52 = 4 weeks, 4/365 = 4 days. If no age is entered, it is noted in the catalogue as ‘[No age stated]’

• Occupation of the patient. Where no occupation is entered, it is noted in the catalogue as ‘[No occupation stated]’. Children are often designated according to their father’s or mother’s occupation and women by their husband’s occupation (e.g. ‘F / Horsekeeper’, ‘M. Charwoman’, ‘Hd Grocer’); these have been rendered in the catalogue as ‘[Child of] Horsekeeper’, ‘[Wife of] Grocer’

• Date of admission and date of death

• The names of the doctors treating or examining the patient. ‘Admitted under the care of’ denotes the senior doctor in charge of the case (usually entered at the top of the page and in the index); ‘Post mortem performed by’ denotes the doctor responsible for the post mortem examination (usually signed at the bottom of the page) and ‘Medical examination performed by’ denotes the doctor responsible for the medical examination prior to death (usually signed at the bottom of the page). The earliest records usually contain only one name, and some of the later ones may contain multiple names in each category. An authority record (name access point) with basic biographical details has been created for each doctor mentioned in the records; these can be used to explore all the cases related to a particular individual

• Disease(s) or cause of death of the patient. Transcribed from the medical case and/or the index and standardised, e.g. ‘Disease (transcribed): Phthisis. Fractured base. Disease (standardised): Tuberculosis (lungs). Fracture (skull)’

• Medical and post mortem notes. Brief summary description or transcription of the case notes relating to previous medical history (not a full transcription of the case notes)

• Note on whether the case includes illustrations or photographs; these can also be browsed via genre access points

• Note on whether the death was caused by trauma, accident or suicide

• Subject access points, using standardised terms from MeSH, with disease type (e.g. respiratory tract diseases, cardiovascular diseases) and anatomy type (e.g. cardiovascular system, musculoskeletal system), which can be used for browsing all relevant cases

Note on transcriptions and abbreviations

Names have been silently expanded, e.g. Jas = James, Wm = William

Some common abbreviations and acronyms

AMCH = Atkinson Morley Convalescent Hospital, Wimbledon
BID = Brought in dead
COA = Condition on admission
F = Father
H or Hd = Husband
HP = House physician
HS = House surgeon
IP = In-patient
L = Left
M = Mother
MR or Med reg or Med r = Medical register or Medical registrar
MS = Museum specimen
OP = Out-patient
OPD = Out-patient department
OR = Obstetric register
PMH = Previous medical history
PH = Previous history
Pt or Pat = Patient
PM = Post mortem
R = Right
RF = Rheumatic fever
Ry = Railway
SR or Surg reg = Surgical register or Surgical registrar
TB = Tuberculosis
VD = Venereal disease

St George's Hospital, London

Susan Langley, 42, Laundress

Occupation or role: Laundress
Age: 42
Gender: Female
Date of admission: 6 Apr 1864
Date of death: 7 Apr 1864
Disease (transcribed): Disease of heart. Bronchitis
Disease (standardised): Disease (Heart); Bronchitis (Lung)
Admitted under the care of: Page, William Emanuel
Medical examination performed by: Dickinson, William Howship
Post mortem examination performed by: Sturges, Octavius
Medical notes: 'This was a case of sudden death occurring the day after the patient’s admission. She was a woman of sallow, almost jaundiced, complexion and had been out of health for more than three months. She ‘caught cold’ at Christmas and begun to cough and to lose strength’
Body parts examined in the post mortem: Head, chest, abdomen

Type of incident: n/a

Hannah Hammond, 27, Cook

Occupation or role: Cook
Age: 27
Gender: Female
Date of admission: 29 Mar 1865
Date of death: 4 Apr 1865
Disease (transcribed): Pneumonia. Disease of temporal bone. ‘Amyloid’ disease of liver, kidneys and small intestine
Disease (standardised): Pneumonia (Lung); Disease (Skull); Amyloidosis (Liver); Amyloidosis (Kidney); Amyloidosis (Intestines)
Admitted under the care of: Barclay, Andrew Whyte
Medical examination performed by: Sturges, Octavius
Post mortem examination performed by: Dickinson, William Howship
Medical notes: She had been subject to winter cough for some years. She had been getting much worse in the way of debility and increased cough for the last nine weeks.
Body parts examined in the post mortem: Head, chest and abdomen
Type of incident: n/a

William Landy, 50, Valet

Occupation or role: Valet
Age: 50
Gender: Male
Date of admission: 24 Feb 1864
Date of death: 7 Apr 1864
Disease (transcribed): Phthisis
Disease (standardised): Tuberculosis (Lung)
Admitted under the care of: Fuller, Henry William
Medical examination performed by: Dickinson, William Howship
Post mortem examination performed by: Sturges, Octavius
Medical notes: 'This man, of fresh complexion, having a somewhat strumous aspect, was at first under the care of the surgeons for an abscess near the rectum in March of 1863, and was transferred to Dr Pitman [Henry Pitman] in June of that year in consequence of cough’
Body parts examined in the post mortem: Chest, abdomen

Type of incident: n/a

Edward Roberts, 9, Schoolboy

Occupation or role: Schoolboy
Age: 9
Gender: Male
Date of admission: 29 Mar 1865
Date of death: 3 Apr 1865
Disease (transcribed): Tubercular disease of intestine
Disease (standardised): Tuberculosis (Intestines)
Admitted under the care of: Barclay, Andrew Whyte
Medical examination performed by: Sturges, Octavius
Post mortem examination performed by: Dickinson, William Howship
Medical notes: The patient had always been ailing. Last winter he complained much of pain in the shoulders and back and vomited often.
Body parts examined in the post mortem: Chest and abdomen
Type of incident: n/a

John Ruddock, 38, Labourer

Occupation or role: Labourer
Age: 38
Gender: Male
Date of admission: 24 Feb 1864
Date of death: 5 Apr 1864
Disease (transcribed): Granular disease of kidneys
Disease (standardised): Disease (Kidneys)
Admitted under the care of: Fuller, Henry William
Medical examination performed by: Bagshawe, Frederic
Post mortem examination performed by: Sturges, Octavius
Medical notes: 'The patient was a well grown man with a renous complexion, admitted with severe dyspnoea compelling him to lean forward with his head over his knees. He had been ill about four months so as to be forced now and then to lay up for a day or two’
Body parts examined in the post mortem: Chest, pericardium & heart, abdomen

Type of incident: n/a

Jemima Field, 60, Married

Occupation or role: Married
Age: 60
Gender: Female
Date of admission: 22 Mar 1865
Date of death: 1 Apr 1865
Disease (transcribed): Granular degeneration of one kidney. Disease of heart
Disease (standardised): Disease (Kidney); Disease (Heart)
Admitted under the care of: Fuller, Henry William
Medical examination performed by: Sturges, Octavius
Post mortem examination performed by: Dickinson, William Howship
Medical notes: She appeared to have been long subject to chronic rheumatism and to have had frequent bronchial attacks together with anasarca.
Body parts examined in the post mortem: Chest and abdomen
Type of incident: n/a

Joseph Button, 41, Porter

Occupation or role: Porter
Age: 41
Gender: Male
Date of admission: 29 Mar 1865
Date of death: 1 Apr 1865
Disease (transcribed): Pneumonia
Disease (standardised): Pneumonia (Lung)
Admitted under the care of: Barclay, Andrew Whyte
Medical examination performed by: Sturges, Octavius
Post mortem examination performed by: n/a
Medical notes: He had been complaining of general debility and lassitude of the last two months without defined symptoms. Four days ago he got wet and the day following had vertigo, dyspnoea, a stitch in the right side and repeated rigors.
Body parts examined in the post mortem: Chest and abdomen
Type of incident: n/a

John Crook, 68, Coachman

Occupation or role: Coachman
Age: 68
Gender: Male
Date of admission: 10 Mar 1865
Date of death: 1 Apr 1865
Disease (transcribed): Phthisis. Bronchitis. Emphysema
Disease (standardised): Tuberculosis (Lung); Bronchitis (Lung); Emphysema (Lung)
Admitted under the care of: Page, William Emanuel
Medical examination performed by: Sturges, Octavius
Post mortem examination performed by: Dickinson, William Howship
Medical notes: He had been laid up with cough and debility since October.
Body parts examined in the post mortem: Scrotum, chest and abdomen
Type of incident: n/a

Mary Scott, 58, Laundress

Occupation or role: Laundress
Age: 58
Gender: Female
Date of admission: 22 Feb 1865
Date of death: 31 Mar 1865
Disease (transcribed): Cirrhosis of liver
Disease (standardised): Cirrhosis (Liver)
Admitted under the care of: Fuller, Henry William
Medical examination performed by: Sturges, Octavius
Post mortem examination performed by: Dickinson, William Howship
Medical notes: The patient was a laundress with a suspicion of gin drinking habits.
Body parts examined in the post mortem: Chest and abdomen
Type of incident: n/a

Sarah Rossiter, 11, Schoolgirl

Occupation or role: Schoolgirl
Age: 11
Gender: Female
Date of admission: 2 Mar 1864
Date of death: 1 Apr 1864
Disease (transcribed): Endocarditis. Pneumonia
Disease (standardised): Endocarditis (Heart); Pneumonia (Lung)
Admitted under the care of: Barclay, Andrew Whyte
Medical examination performed by: Dickinson, William Howship
Post mortem examination performed by: Sturges, Octavius
Medical notes: 'This was the case of an anaemic child who had suffered acute rheumatism two years before admission, and been troubled with dyspnoea ever since’
Body parts examined in the post mortem: Chest, abdomen

Type of incident: n/a

John V. Brown, 2.5, Child

Occupation or role: Child
Age: 2.5
Gender: Male
Date of admission: 27 Mar 1864
Date of death: 30 Mar 1864
Disease (transcribed): Tubercular inflammation of the brain
Disease (standardised): Tuberculosis (Brain)
Admitted under the care of: Fuller, Henry William
Medical examination performed by: Dickinson, William Howship
Post mortem examination performed by: Sturges, Octavius
Medical notes: 'This child (well nourished and not strumous in appearance) was brought to the hospital in a state of unconsciousness. During the time it lived it lay tranquil and motionless as though sleeping’
Body parts examined in the post mortem: Head, chest, abdomen

Type of incident: n/a

Sarah Joyce, 32, Married

Occupation or role: Married
Age: 32
Gender: Female
Date of admission: 22 Mar 1865
Date of death: 31 Mar 1865
Disease (transcribed): Pyaemia after labour
Disease (standardised): Sepsis (Systemic); Parturition (Uterus)
Admitted under the care of: Fuller, Henry William
Medical examination performed by: Sturges, Octavius
Post mortem examination performed by: Dickinson, William Howship
Medical notes: Since her delivery of a child eight weeks ago, she had lost flesh and felt constant thirst.
Body parts examined in the post mortem: Chest, heart and abdomen
Type of incident: n/a

Louisa Taylor, 18, General servant

Occupation or role: General servant
Age: 18
Gender: Female
Date of admission: 22 Mar 1865
Date of death: 30 Mar 1865
Disease (transcribed): Strumous disease of ovary
Disease (standardised): Tuberculosis (Ovary)
Admitted under the care of: Fuller, Henry William
Medical examination performed by: Sturges, Octavius
Post mortem examination performed by: Dickinson, William Howship
Medical notes: The girl had good health until she was sixteen when she was violated as her mother supposes. The catamenia commenced at this time and was very profuse.
Body parts examined in the post mortem: Chest, head, abdomen and pelvis
Type of incident: n/a

Sarah Ingram, 40, Married

Occupation or role: Married
Age: 40
Gender: Female
Date of admission: 23 Mar 1846
Date of death: 30 Mar 1864
Disease (transcribed): Pyaemia after labour
Disease (standardised): Sepsis (Systemic); Childbirth
Admitted under the care of: Fuller, Henry William
Medical examination performed by: Dickinson, William Howship
Post mortem examination performed by: Sturges, Octavius
Medical notes: 'It appeared that three weeks before this woman’s admission here, she had been brought to the Queen Charlotte’s Hospital in a very destitute condition, and there delivered of a full-grown child half an hour after her arrival’
Body parts examined in the post mortem: Head, chest, abdomen, joints

Type of incident: n/a

Elizabeth Pyatt, 21, General servant

Occupation or role: General servant
Age: 21
Gender: Female
Date of admission: 22 Mar 1865
Date of death: 29 Mar 1865
Disease (transcribed): Perforation of stomach (subsequently closed by adhesions). Circumscribed peritonitis
Disease (standardised): Perforation (Stomach); Adhesions (Stomach); Peritonitis (Abdomen)
Admitted under the care of: Fuller, Henry William
Medical examination performed by: Sturges, Octavius
Post mortem examination performed by: Dickinson, William Howship
Medical notes: Four days ago she was attacked with pain in the left side and had kept to her bed since.
Body parts examined in the post mortem: Chest and abdomen
Type of incident: n/a

Henry Ballard, 74, Baller

Occupation or role: Baller
Age: 74
Gender: Male
Date of admission: 23 Mar 1846
Date of death: 29 Mar 1864
Disease (transcribed): Bronchitis
Disease (standardised): Bronchitis (Lung)
Admitted under the care of: Fuller, Henry William
Medical examination performed by: Dickinson, William Howship
Post mortem examination performed by: Sturges, Octavius
Medical notes: 'This patient, a man of florid complexion, having the capillaries of his face much congested without the least purple tinge, was admitted in considerable distress from dyspnoea’
Body parts examined in the post mortem: Chest, abdomen

Type of incident: n/a

Joseph Willis, 31, Printer’s reader

Occupation or role: Printer’s reader
Age: 31
Gender: Male
Date of admission: 23 Dec 1863
Date of death: 7 Jan 1864
Disease (transcribed): Aneurism of abdominal aorta
Disease (standardised): Aneurysm (Blood vessels)
Admitted under the care of: Pitman, Henry
Medical examination performed by: Dickinson, William Howship
Post mortem examination performed by: Sturges, Octavius
Medical notes: 'This man, a printer’s reader, of superior education and formerly in good circumstances, applied for relief from long-standing pain down the back part of the thighs […] For two years he had sought in vain to be relieved of this complaint, which was regarded as sciatica and had been treated with a great variety of medicines including arsenic’
Body parts examined in the post mortem: Chest, abdomen

Type of incident: n/a

Mary Bell, 48, Nurse

Occupation or role: Nurse
Age: 48
Gender: Female
Date of admission: 16 Mar 1864
Date of death: 28 Mar 1864
Disease (transcribed): Malignant disease of serous membranes
Disease (standardised): Malignant disease (Serous membrane)
Admitted under the care of: Pitman, Henry
Medical examination performed by: Dickinson, William Howship
Post mortem examination performed by: Sturges, Octavius
Medical notes: 'The patient was a single woman of sturdy and industrious habits, florid and well-nourished. She had been in good health up to the time of the present’
Body parts examined in the post mortem: Chest, abdomen

Type of incident: n/a

Fred Purdell, 56, Gardener

Occupation or role: Gardener
Age: 56
Gender: Male
Date of admission: 23 Mar 1865
Date of death: 28 Mar 1865
Disease (transcribed): Phthisis. Softening of hippocampus major
Disease (standardised): Tuberculosis (Lung); Softening (Brain)
Admitted under the care of: Fuller, Henry William
Medical examination performed by: Sturges, Octavius
Post mortem examination performed by: Dickinson, William Howship
Medical notes: The patient gave a rambling ‘account of himself like a drunken man’. He had been a surgical out patient for injury to the ankle.
Body parts examined in the post mortem: Head, chest and abdomen
Type of incident: n/a

Sarah Bryan, 46, Married

Occupation or role: Married
Age: 46
Gender: Female
Date of admission: 16 Mar 1864
Date of death: 26 Mar 1864
Disease (transcribed): Malignant disease of uterus etc
Disease (standardised): Malignant disease (Uterus)
Admitted under the care of: Pitman, Henry
Medical examination performed by: Dickinson, William Howship
Post mortem examination performed by: Sturges, Octavius
Medical notes: 'This woman, of rather dark, sallow complexion with jaundiced conjunctive, anxious in expression and somewhat wasted, had been conscious of disease for eighteen months […] Owing to the patient’s deafness, her history is imperfect, especially as regards the menstrual function’
Body parts examined in the post mortem: Chest, abdomen

Type of incident: n/a

Ellen Tierney, 19 months, Infant

Occupation or role: Infant
Age: 19 months
Gender: Female
Date of admission: 26 Mar 1864
Date of death: 26 Mar 1864
Disease (transcribed): Rickets. Diarrhoea
Disease (standardised): Rickets (Bone); Diarrhoea (Bowel)
Admitted under the care of: Fuller, Henry William
Medical examination performed by: Dickinson, William Howship
Post mortem examination performed by: Sturges, Octavius
Medical notes: 'This child was brought into the hospital living, but expired before it could be placed in bed. It was said to have had diarrhoea’
Body parts examined in the post mortem: Head, chest, abdomen

Type of incident: n/a

Elizabeth Pullum, 44, Married

Occupation or role: Married
Age: 44
Gender: Female
Date of admission: 16 Dec 1863
Date of death: 26 Mar 1864
Disease (transcribed): Granular degeneration of kidneys etc
Disease (standardised): Disease (Kidneys)
Admitted under the care of: Fuller, Henry William
Medical examination performed by: Dickinson, William Howship
Post mortem examination performed by: Sturges, Octavius
Medical notes: 'In this case (that of a haggard-looking woman with a pasty face, who confessed to a fondness for spirits), oedema of the feet and legs was of four months’ standing together with scanty flow of urine’
Body parts examined in the post mortem: Chest, abdomen

Type of incident: n/a

Alice Simpson, 4 years 6 months , Child

Occupation or role: Child
Age: 4 years 6 months
Gender: Female
Date of admission: 24 Mar 1865
Date of death: 24 Mar 1865
Disease (transcribed): Pyaemia
Disease (standardised): Sepsis (Systemic)
Admitted under the care of: Fuller, Henry William
Medical examination performed by: Sturges, Octavius
Post mortem examination performed by: Dickinson, William Howship
Medical notes: Three months ago she fell onto a fender and struck her head, producing a wound.
Body parts examined in the post mortem: Head, chest and abdomen
Type of incident: Trauma/accident

Martin Mansfield, 31, Footman

Occupation or role: Footman
Age: 31
Gender: Male
Date of admission: 30 Dec 1863
Date of death: 21 Mar 1864
Disease (transcribed): Phthisis
Disease (standardised): Tuberculosis (Lung)
Admitted under the care of: Barclay, Andrew Whyte
Medical examination performed by: n/a
Post mortem examination performed by: Sturges, Octavius
Medical notes: 'Case not given’
Body parts examined in the post mortem: 'Not examined’

Type of incident: n/a

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