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Gray, Henry
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Rare books

  • RB
  • Collection
  • 1534-1994

Collection of rare books accumulated by the medical school library when it was originally located at Hyde Park Corner and in Tooting, as well as books donated, owned or written by St George’s staff and alumni. The descriptions note ownership inscriptions present in the volumes

St George's Hospital Medical School, London

Post Mortem Examinations and Case Books

  • 406 PM
  • Collection
  • 1840-1946

The post mortem records contain manuscript case notes, with medical notes both pre and post mortem. These include details on patients’ admission to the hospital, treatments and medication administered to patients and the medical history of patients; the medical histories were copied into the volumes from hospital registers, which are no longer extant. The post mortem cases include detailed pathological findings made during the detailed examination of the body after death. From the 1880s onwards the case books contain original anatomical drawings and photographs.

For more information and updates about the project, see our project page

The following information is recorded for each case. The information is transcribed from the case notes and/or the relevant index and, where relevant, additionally standardised using MeSH (Medical Subject Headings)

• Name of the patient. If a name is not entered in the volume, it is noted in the catalogue as ‘[No name stated]’

• Gender of the patient (female / male / unknown)

• Age of the patient. Usually in numbers, following the original, with the following exceptions: 4/12 = 4 months, 4/52 = 4 weeks, 4/365 = 4 days. If no age is entered, it is noted in the catalogue as ‘[No age stated]’

• Occupation of the patient. Where no occupation is entered, it is noted in the catalogue as ‘[No occupation stated]’. Children are often designated according to their father’s or mother’s occupation and women by their husband’s occupation (e.g. ‘F / Horsekeeper’, ‘M. Charwoman’, ‘Hd Grocer’); these have been rendered in the catalogue as ‘[Child of] Horsekeeper’, ‘[Wife of] Grocer’

• Date of admission and date of death

• The names of the doctors treating or examining the patient. ‘Admitted under the care of’ denotes the senior doctor in charge of the case (usually entered at the top of the page and in the index); ‘Post mortem performed by’ denotes the doctor responsible for the post mortem examination (usually signed at the bottom of the page) and ‘Medical examination performed by’ denotes the doctor responsible for the medical examination prior to death (usually signed at the bottom of the page). The earliest records usually contain only one name, and some of the later ones may contain multiple names in each category. An authority record (name access point) with basic biographical details has been created for each doctor mentioned in the records; these can be used to explore all the cases related to a particular individual

• Disease(s) or cause of death of the patient. Transcribed from the medical case and/or the index and standardised, e.g. ‘Disease (transcribed): Phthisis. Fractured base. Disease (standardised): Tuberculosis (lungs). Fracture (skull)’

• Medical and post mortem notes. Brief summary description or transcription of the case notes relating to previous medical history (not a full transcription of the case notes)

• Note on whether the case includes illustrations or photographs; these can also be browsed via genre access points

• Note on whether the death was caused by trauma, accident or suicide

• Subject access points, using standardised terms from MeSH, with disease type (e.g. respiratory tract diseases, cardiovascular diseases) and anatomy type (e.g. cardiovascular system, musculoskeletal system), which can be used for browsing all relevant cases

Note on transcriptions and abbreviations

Names have been silently expanded, e.g. Jas = James, Wm = William

Some common abbreviations and acronyms

AMCH = Atkinson Morley Convalescent Hospital, Wimbledon
BID = Brought in dead
COA = Condition on admission
F = Father
H or Hd = Husband
HP = House physician
HS = House surgeon
IP = In-patient
L = Left
M = Mother
MR or Med reg or Med r = Medical register or Medical registrar
MS = Museum specimen
OP = Out-patient
OPD = Out-patient department
OR = Obstetric register
PMH = Previous medical history
PH = Previous history
Pt or Pat = Patient
PM = Post mortem
R = Right
RF = Rheumatic fever
Ry = Railway
SR or Surg reg = Surgical register or Surgical registrar
TB = Tuberculosis
VD = Venereal disease

St George's Hospital, London

Ellen Moat, 48, [Occupation not stated]

Occupation or role: [Occupation not stated]
Age: 48
Gender: Female
Date of admission: 2 May 1849
Date of death: 12 May 1849
Disease (transcribed): Dropsy. Diseased heart
Disease (standardised): Edema (Systemic); Disease (Heart)
Admitted under the care of: Nairne, Robert
Medical examination performed by: Barclay, Andrew Whyte
Post mortem examination performed by: Gray, Henry
Medical notes: As the body was not examined, the history of this case is not given’
Body parts examined in the post mortem: This body was not examined'

Type of incident: n/a

Ann Hanks, 30, [No occupation stated]

Occupation or role: [No occupation stated]
Age: 30
Gender: Female
Date of admission: 20 Apr 1853
Date of death: 6 May 1853
Disease (transcribed): Endocarditis. Vegetations on the aortic semilunar valves. Fibrinous deposit in the spleen and kidneys
Disease (standardised): Endocarditis (Heart); Disease (Heart); Fibrin (Spleen); Fibrin (Kidney)
Admitted under the care of: Wilson, James Arthur
Medical examination performed by: Barclay, Andrew Whyte
Post mortem examination performed by: Gray, Henry
Medical notes: This woman stated that she had been ill five weeks. She was then seized by pain in the left side passing across the epigastrium and up the sternum with shortness of breath.
Body parts examined in the post mortem: Thorax and abdomen
Type of incident: n/a

Mary Ann Lee, [Occupation not stated]

Occupation or role: [No occupation stated]
Gender: Female
Age: 53
Date of admission: 30 Mar 1854
Date of death: 3 Apr 1854
Disease (transcribed): Fever
Disease (standardised): Fever (Systemic)
Admitting doctor: Nairne, Robert
Surgeon: Gray, Henry
Physician: Barclay, Andrew Whyte
Medical notes: 'This old woman had been ill, it appeared, 3 weeks before her admission. She attributed her illness to violent cold, and she had had severe pain on the left side with cough & shortness of breathing’
Body parts examined in the post mortem: Cranium, thorax, abdomen

Type of injury: n/a

Edward Wilding, 19, [No occupation stated]

Occupation or role: [No occupation stated]
Age: 19
Gender: Male
Date of admission: 20 Apr 1856
Date of death: 2 May 1856
Disease (transcribed): Strumous disease of the Kidney and Bladder
Disease (standardised): Tuberculosis (Kidney); Tuberculosis (Bladder)
Admitted under the care of: Hawkins, Caesar Henry
Medical examination performed by: Holmes, Timothy
Post mortem examination performed by: Gray, Henry
Medical notes: This man was admitted on account of pain in micturition and frequent need to make water.
Body parts examined in the post mortem: Thorax and abdomen
Type of incident: n/a

John Wilding, 46, Painter

Occupation or role: Painter
Age: 46
Gender: Male
Date of admission: 26 Mar 1856
Date of death: 2 May 1856
Disease (transcribed): Diseased Kidney
Disease (standardised): Disease (Kidney)
Admitted under the care of: Nairne, Robert
Medical examination performed by: Rogers, George Goddard
Post mortem examination performed by: Gray, Henry
Medical notes: This man stated that he had felt pretty well until three of four months ago when he began to suffer from languor and slight pain in the chest accompanied by dyspnoea and palpitation after much exertion. Subsequently his legs became oedematous and his abdomen gradually enlarged.
Body parts examined in the post mortem: Thorax and abdomen
Type of incident: n/a

William Henry Wise, 49, [Occupation not stated]

Occupation or role: [Occupation not stated]
Age: 49
Gender: Male
Date of admission: 9 May 1849
Date of death: 10 May 1849
Disease (transcribed): Apoplexy. Extravasation of blood in the third & fourth ventricles. Heart hypertrophied. Granular kidneys
Disease (standardised): Stroke (Brain); Extravasation (Heart); Disease (Heart, kidneys)
Admitted under the care of: Page, William Emanuel
Medical examination performed by: Barclay, Andrew Whyte
Post mortem examination performed by: Gray, Henry
Medical notes: This man was brought to the hospital in a stated of complete unconsciousness. His friends stated that he had been complaining of headache & giddiness for 3 or 4 days previous, but had been able to continue at work till just before his admission, when he complained that the pain had become much more severe; he then began to scream out, became delirious and struggled a a good deal, after which he soon became insensible, and was immediately brought to the hospital’
Body parts examined in the post mortem: Cranium, thorax, abdomen

Type of incident: n/a

Thomas Head, [Occupation not stated]

Occupation or role: [No occupation stated]
Gender: Male
Age: 32
Date of admission: 25 Jan 1854
Date of death: 3 Apr 1854
Disease (transcribed): Phagadaena. Ulceration of a wound of leg. Pleurisy. Secondary deposits in lung. Inflammation of pulmonary vein
Disease (standardised): Ulcer (Leg); Wound (Leg); Pleurisy (Pleura); Deposit (Lung); Inflammation (Blood vessels);
Admitting doctor: Johnson, Henry Charles
Surgeon: Gray, Henry
Physician: Holmes, Timothy
Medical notes: 'This man, whose appearance was tolerably healthy & habits, as far as was known, temperate, was admitted on account of a lacerated wound of the leg (caused by striking it against the step of an omnibus)’
Body parts examined in the post mortem: Thorax, abdomen

Type of injury: Trauma / accident

Samuel Brooks, [Occupation not stated]

Occupation or role: [No occupation stated]
Gender: Male
Age: 24
Date of admission: 25 Mar 1854
Date of death: 30 Mar 1854
Disease (transcribed): Phthisis
Disease (standardised): Tuberculosis (Lung)
Admitting doctor: Wilson, James Arthur
Surgeon: Gray, Henry
Physician: Barclay, Andrew Whyte
Medical notes: 'The report that was brought in with this man, was that he had been out of work a long time, & starving, that he had recently found employment, and it was supposed he had been unequal to his task. He had been ailing for a fortnight, and had been entirely laid up for a week. No account of the origin & progress was obtained. When admitted he was quite unconscious’
Body parts examined in the post mortem: Cranium, thorax, abdomen

Type of injury: n/a

Fanny Hill, 59, [No occupation stated]

Occupation or role: [No occupation stated]
Age: 59
Gender: Female
Date of admission: 14 Mar 1855
Date of death: 28 Mar 1855
Disease (transcribed): Pneumonia. Both Lungs
Disease (standardised): Pneumonia (Lung)
Admitted under the care of: Bence Jones, Henry
Medical examination performed by: Rogers, George Goddard
Post mortem examination performed by: Gray, Henry
Medical notes: A month before admission she went to attend a neighbour in confinement and caught cold by remaining up all night. A fortnight before admission the cold became even more severe, a cough with slight expectoration came on, and then her appetite began to fail. She had shivering and pain in the loins.
Body parts examined in the post mortem: Thorax and abdomen
Type of incident: n/a

Mary Webber, 18, [Occupation not stated]

Occupation or role: [Occupation not stated]
Age: 18
Gender: Female
Date of admission: 28 Feb 1849
Date of death: 7 May 1849
Disease (transcribed): Pneumothorax. Empyema. Tubercles & vomicae in the left lung. Congested liver. Fibrinous block in the spleen
Disease (standardised): Pneumothorax (Lungs); Empyema (Lungs); Tuberculosis (Lungs); Abscess (Lungs); Congestion (Liver)
Admitted under the care of: Wilson, James Arthur
Medical examination performed by: Barclay, Andrew Whyte
Post mortem examination performed by: Gray, Henry
Medical notes: This girl stated that she had been only ill during 3 weeks previous to her admission, that she had enjoyed good health up to the period, and although having a delicate complexion was in pretty good condition. She complained of catching pain under the left breast, which interfered with her coughing or drawing a deep breath, & said she could not lye on that side at night’
Body parts examined in the post mortem: Thorax, abdomen

Type of incident: n/a

Charles Turner, 39, [Occupation not stated]

Occupation or role: [Occupation not stated]
Age: 39
Gender: Male
Date of admission: 25 Apr 1849
Date of death: 4 May 1849
Disease (transcribed): Ozaena. Extensive syphilitic caries of the nasal topae, & of the bones at the base of the skull
Disease (standardised): Rhinitis, atrophic (Nose); Syphilis (Nose); Caries (Skull)
Admitted under the care of: Tatum, Thomas
Medical examination performed by: Holl, Harvey Buchanan
Post mortem examination performed by: Gray, Henry
Medical notes: This patient stated that in June last he became affected with symptoms of secondary syphilis, the most important of which was pain in the left ear, with loss of hearing, & a scanty discharge from the meatus. During the September & October following he was put on a course of mercury and profusely salivated. Soon afterwards he became subject to epistaxis, sometimes to a large amount’
Body parts examined in the post mortem: Thorax, abdomen, larynx, pharynx

Type of incident: n/a

John McKew, 35, [No occupation stated]

Occupation or role: [No occupation stated]
Age: 35
Gender: Male
Date of admission: 2 May 1853
Date of death: 4 May 1853
Disease (transcribed): Phthisis. Chronic inflammation of the caecum and ascending colon with ulceration. Peritonitis

Disease (standardised): Tuberculosis (Lung); Inflammation (Intestines); Ulcer (Intestines); Peritonitis (Abdomen)
Admitted under the care of: Nairne, Robert
Medical examination performed by: Barclay, Andrew Whyte
Post mortem examination performed by: Gray, Henry
Medical notes: This man had been in a state of great destitution and for many night had not had a bed to sleep on before his admission into the hospital.
Body parts examined in the post mortem: Thorax and abdomen
Type of incident: n/a

John Roach, [Occupation not stated]

Occupation or role: [No occupation stated]
Gender: Male
Age: 57
Date of admission: 3 Apr 1854
Date of death: 3 Apr 1854
Disease (transcribed): n/a
Disease (standardised):
Admitting doctor: Cutler, Edward
Surgeon: Gray, Henry
Physician: n/a
Medical notes: 'This person was brought in dead’
Post mortem notes: 'This body was not examined’

Type of injury: n/a

John Skelton, 25, [No occupation stated]

Occupation or role: [No occupation stated]
Age: 25
Gender: Male
Date of admission: 25 Mar 1855
Date of death: 28 Mar 1855
Disease (transcribed): Phthisis. Hypertrophy and dilatation of Heart
Disease (standardised): Tetanus (Lung); Disease (Heart)
Admitted under the care of: Wilson, James Arthur
Medical examination performed by: Rogers, George Goddard
Post mortem examination performed by: Gray, Henry
Medical notes: This man had enjoyed excellent health until eighteen months ago when he was attacked with what he called 'slight bronchitis' which he had never been able to shake off.
Body parts examined in the post mortem: Thorax, larynx, heart and abdomen
Type of incident: n/a

Elizabeth Rose, [Occupation not stated]

Occupation or role: [No occupation stated]
Gender: Female
Age: 27
Date of admission: 22 Mar 1854
Date of death: 5 Apr 1854
Disease (transcribed): Anasarca. Disease of the heart
Disease (standardised): Edema (Systemic); Disease (Heart)
Admitting doctor: Wilson, James Arthur
Surgeon: Gray, Henry
Physician: Barclay, Andrew Whyte
Medical notes: 'This patient presented a remarkable blueness of the lips, nose & cheeks which contrasted strangely with a yellow colour of the eyes & of those parts of the face which were not so congested’
Body parts examined in the post mortem: Thorax, abdomen

Type of injury: n/a

Richard Wright, 24, [Occupation not stated]

Occupation or role: [Occupation not stated]
Age: 24
Gender: Male
Date of admission: 14 Mar 1849
Date of death: 3 May 1849
Disease (transcribed): Laryngitis. Laryngotomy. Pneumonia, grey hepatisation. Old & recent pleuritic adhesions
Disease (standardised): Laryngitis (Larynx); Laryngotomy; Pneumonia (Lungs); Disease (Lungs)
Admitted under the care of: Page, William Emanuel
Medical examination performed by: Barclay, Andrew Whyte
Post mortem examination performed by: Gray, Henry
Medical notes: This patient was originally admitted under the care of Mr Cutler [Edward Cutler] with hydrocele. On 12th April some feverish symptoms were observed & purgative & saline medicine, but it was not till the 18th that it was discovered that his whole body was covered with a mottled rash, when he was immediately transferred to the care of the physician’
Body parts examined in the post mortem: Larynx, trachea, thorax, abdomen

Type of incident: n/a

Henry Read, 16, [Occupation not stated]

Occupation or role: [Occupation not stated]
Age: 16
Gender: Male
Date of admission: 17 Jan 1849
Date of death: 1 May 1849
Disease (transcribed): Tubercles in the membranes of the brain, in the right hemisphere, & in both lobes of the cerebellum. Tubercles in the lungs & in the kidneys
Disease (standardised): Tuberculosis (Brain, lungs, kidneys)
Admitted under the care of: Hawkins, Caesar Henry
Medical examination performed by: Barclay, Andrew Whyte
Post mortem examination performed by: Gray, Henry
Medical notes: 'This boy scalded his leg in May 1847 & for some months was an inpatient of the hospital, but the sore never healed, and on one or two occasions took on an unhealthy action and bled a good deal. In the summer of 1848 he was at Marget [Margate] but returned in the autumn & in Jan 7 last was readmitted, his health having improved but the sore had become indolent & still occupied a very considerable surface of the limb’
Body parts examined in the post mortem: Cranium, thorax, abdomen

Type of incident: Trauma / accident

Elizabeth Green, 58, [No occupation stated]

Occupation or role: [No occupation stated]
Age: 58
Gender: Female
Date of admission: 5 Jan 1853
Date of death: 27 Apr 1853
Disease (transcribed): Encephaloid tumor of the right breast. Fibrous tumor and fibro cystic tumor of the uterus
Disease (standardised): Tumour (Breast); Tumour (Uterus)
Admitted under the care of: Johnson, Henry Charles
Medical examination performed by: Holmes, Timothy
Post mortem examination performed by: Gray, Henry
Medical notes: She was operated on in the hospital on May 9th 1851 for tumour of the right breast.
Body parts examined in the post mortem: Thorax, abdomen and pelvis
Type of incident: n/a

William Ayres, 46, [Occupation not stated]

Occupation or role: [Occupation not stated]
Age: 46
Gender: Male
Date of admission: 13 Sep 1848
Date of death: 1 May 1849
Disease (transcribed): Hydrothorax. Compressed lung. Old pericarditic adhesions. Old pleuritic adhesions. Anasarca. Nutmeg liver. Granular kidney
Disease (standardised): Hydrothorax (Lungs); Disease (Heart, lungs); Edema (Systemic); Disease (Liver, kidneys)
Admitted under the care of: Wilson, James Arthur
Medical examination performed by: Barclay, Andrew Whyte
Post mortem examination performed by: Gray, Henry
Medical notes: 'The period of this man’s illness had extended to 6 months before his admission. He stated that it had commenced with sickness & vomiting, followed by swelling of ankles, distention of abdomen, giving in to shortness of breath & a sense of constriction across the chest. There was at his admission some oedema of ankles, the distention of the abdomen consisted chiefly of flatus. His complexion was of a yellowing cast’
Body parts examined in the post mortem: Thorax, abdomen

Type of incident: n/a

Eliza Hall, 23, [No occupation stated]

Occupation or role: [No occupation stated]
Age: 23
Gender: Female
Date of admission: 20 Apr 1853
Date of death: 27 Apr 1853
Disease (transcribed): Fever. Ulceration of the ileum
Disease (standardised): Fever (Systemic); Ulcer (Intestines)
Admitted under the care of: Wilson, James Arthur
Medical examination performed by: Barclay, Andrew Whyte
Post mortem examination performed by: Gray, Henry
Medical notes: This patient had been ill only ten days before her admission. He had been attacked by headache, shivering, pain in the abdomen, thirst, loss of appetite and considerable diarrhoea.
Body parts examined in the post mortem: Thorax, abdomen and cranium
Type of incident: n/a

Thomas Heath, 21, [No occupation stated]

Occupation or role: [No occupation stated]
Age: 21
Gender: Male
Date of admission: 23 Apr 1853
Date of death: 25 Apr 1853
Disease (transcribed): Fracture of the spine. Compression of the spinal cord. Extravasation of blood in cord
Disease (standardised): Fracture (Spine); Compression (Spinal cord); Extravasation (Spinal cord)
Admitted under the care of: Hawkins, Caesar Henry
Medical examination performed by: Holmes, Timothy
Post mortem examination performed by: Gray, Henry
Medical notes: This man fell from a scaffold an hour before his admission.
Body parts examined in the post mortem: Spine, thorax and abdomen
Type of incident: Trauma/accident

John Stevens, 44, [Occupation not stated]

Occupation or role: [Occupation not stated]
Age: 44
Gender: Male
Date of admission: 11 Apr 1849
Date of death: 1 May 1849
Disease (transcribed): Morbus cordis. Haemorrhage
Disease (standardised): Disease (Heart); Haemorrhage

Admitted under the care of: Page, William Emanuel
Medical examination performed by: Barclay, Andrew Whyte
Post mortem examination performed by: Gray, Henry
Medical notes: 'As the body was not examined, the history of this case is not given’
Body parts examined in the post mortem: 'This body was not examined at the request of the friends’

Type of incident: n/a

Ebenezer Devonport, 39, Watchmaker

Occupation or role: Watchmaker
Age: 39
Gender: Male
Date of admission: 19 Mar 1855
Date of death: 23 Mar 1855
Disease (transcribed): Idiopathic Tetanus
Disease (standardised): Tetanus (Systemic)
Admitted under the care of: Bence Jones, Henry
Medical examination performed by: Rogers, George Goddard
Post mortem examination performed by: Gray, Henry
Medical notes: When working he said that he often ran small pieces of glass into his fingers, but had not done so lately. On the evening of the 15th he was out very late in the rain, and the next morning he felt drowsy and noticed an aching pain in his lower jaw.
Body parts examined in the post mortem: Spine, cranium, thorax and abdomen
Type of incident: Trauma/accident?

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