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Gray, Henry Anatomy
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James Crane, 56, Cabman

Occupation or role: Cabman
Age: 56
Gender: Male
Date of admission: 22 Mar 1857
Date of death: 22 Mar 2857
Disease (transcribed): Cut throat
Disease (standardised): Cut (Throat)
Admitted under the care of: Hawkins, Caesar Henry
Medical examination performed by: Wintle, Frederic J.W.
Post mortem examination performed by: Gray, Henry
Medical notes: This man was brought into the house in a dying state with two wounds in the neck, which had been inflicted with a pen knife.
Body parts examined in the post mortem: Thorax and abdomen
Type of incident: Suicide

George Rogers, [Occupation not stated]

Occupation or role: [No occupation stated]
Gender: Male
Age: 33
Date of admission: 18 Jul 1854
Date of death: 22 Jul 1954
Disease (transcribed): Fever. Ulceration of the intestines
Disease (standardised): Fever (Systemic); Ulcer (Intestines)
Admitting doctor: Wilson, James Arthur
Surgeon: Gray, Henry
Physician: Barclay, Andrew Whyte
Medical notes: 'Admitted with a report of [?] diarrhoea […] He complained of feeling very low & weak, and was unwilling to give any answers about himself. He said he had been ill about 3 weeks’
Body parts examined in the post mortem: Thorax, abdomen

Type of injury: n/a

Post Mortem Examinations and Case Books

  • 406 PM
  • Collection
  • 1840-1946

The post mortem records contain manuscript case notes, with medical notes both pre and post mortem. These include details on patients’ admission to the hospital, treatments and medication administered to patients and the medical history of patients; the medical histories were copied into the volumes from hospital registers, which are no longer extant. The post mortem cases include detailed pathological findings made during the detailed examination of the body after death. From the 1880s onwards the case books contain original anatomical drawings and photographs.

For more information and updates about the project, see our project page

The following information is recorded for each case. The information is transcribed from the case notes and/or the relevant index and, where relevant, additionally standardised using MeSH (Medical Subject Headings)

• Name of the patient. If a name is not entered in the volume, it is noted in the catalogue as ‘[No name stated]’

• Gender of the patient (female / male / unknown)

• Age of the patient. Usually in numbers, following the original, with the following exceptions: 4/12 = 4 months, 4/52 = 4 weeks, 4/365 = 4 days. If no age is entered, it is noted in the catalogue as ‘[No age stated]’

• Occupation of the patient. Where no occupation is entered, it is noted in the catalogue as ‘[No occupation stated]’. Children are often designated according to their father’s or mother’s occupation and women by their husband’s occupation (e.g. ‘F / Horsekeeper’, ‘M. Charwoman’, ‘Hd Grocer’); these have been rendered in the catalogue as ‘[Child of] Horsekeeper’, ‘[Wife of] Grocer’

• Date of admission and date of death

• The names of the doctors treating or examining the patient. ‘Admitted under the care of’ denotes the senior doctor in charge of the case (usually entered at the top of the page and in the index); ‘Post mortem performed by’ denotes the doctor responsible for the post mortem examination (usually signed at the bottom of the page) and ‘Medical examination performed by’ denotes the doctor responsible for the medical examination prior to death (usually signed at the bottom of the page). The earliest records usually contain only one name, and some of the later ones may contain multiple names in each category. An authority record (name access point) with basic biographical details has been created for each doctor mentioned in the records; these can be used to explore all the cases related to a particular individual

• Disease(s) or cause of death of the patient. Transcribed from the medical case and/or the index and standardised, e.g. ‘Disease (transcribed): Phthisis. Fractured base. Disease (standardised): Tuberculosis (lungs). Fracture (skull)’

• Medical and post mortem notes. Brief summary description or transcription of the case notes relating to previous medical history (not a full transcription of the case notes)

• Note on whether the case includes illustrations or photographs; these can also be browsed via genre access points

• Note on whether the death was caused by trauma, accident or suicide

• Subject access points, using standardised terms from MeSH, with disease type (e.g. respiratory tract diseases, cardiovascular diseases) and anatomy type (e.g. cardiovascular system, musculoskeletal system), which can be used for browsing all relevant cases

Note on transcriptions and abbreviations

Names have been silently expanded, e.g. Jas = James, Wm = William

Some common abbreviations and acronyms

AMCH = Atkinson Morley Convalescent Hospital, Wimbledon
BID = Brought in dead
COA = Condition on admission
F = Father
H or Hd = Husband
HP = House physician
HS = House surgeon
IP = In-patient
L = Left
M = Mother
MR or Med reg or Med r = Medical register or Medical registrar
MS = Museum specimen
OP = Out-patient
OPD = Out-patient department
OR = Obstetric register
PMH = Previous medical history
PH = Previous history
Pt or Pat = Patient
PM = Post mortem
R = Right
RF = Rheumatic fever
Ry = Railway
SR or Surg reg = Surgical register or Surgical registrar
TB = Tuberculosis
VD = Venereal disease

St George's Hospital, London

Gray, Henry: Anatomy Descriptive and Surgical

Inscription on title page: ‘W. Percy Reynolds July 1872’

Full title: Anatomy Descriptive and Surgical by Henry Gray, F.R.S. Fellow of the Royal College of Surgeons and lecturer on Anatomy at St George’s Hospital Medical School. The drawings by H.V. Carter, M.D., late demonstrator of anatomy at St George’s Hospital; with additional drawings in the second and later editions by Dr Westmacott. The dissections jointly by the author and Dr Carter. Fifth edition, with an introduction on general anatomy and development, by T. Holmes, M.A. Cantab. Surgeon to St George’s Hospital: Mem.Correp. De La Soc. De Chir. De Paris’

Fifth edition

Holmes, T.: A System of Surgery, Theoretical and Practical, in Treatises by Various Authors, Vols. I-IV

Inscription on title page (Vol I): ‘London Hospital Medical Library 1904’

Four volumes: I (General Pathology); II (Local Injuries. Diseases of the Eye); III (Operative Surgery; Diseases of the Organs of Special Sense, Respiration, Circulation, Locomotion, and Innervation); IV (Diseases of the Organs of Digestion, of the Genito-Urinary System, of the Breast, Thyroid Gland, and Skin; Appendix of Miscellaneous Subjects)

Gray, Henry: Anatomy Descriptive and Surgical

First edition.

Cover inscribed Queen’s College Cork [Ireland]. Inside front cover pasted with Queen’s College Cork notice that the volume was awarded as a prize to Ferdinand [?] in 1860. Pasted on flyleaf a letter from R.R. James enquiring after the first edition of Gray’s Anatomy (‘I wonder if the copy of the 1st edition of Gray is still in the library. I expect it is; I don’t know if you have ever heard how it came to the library? It was presented by Artlett, who in my day was the dissection room porter, a queer little old man whose son ‘Dave’ was Buckmaster’s bottler worker in the physiological laboratory’), 14 Mar 1958

Full title: ‘Anatomy Descriptive and Surgical by Henry Gray, F.R.S. Lecturer on anatomy at Saint George’s Hospital. The drawings by H.V. Carter, M.D., late demonstrator of anatomy at St George’s Hospital. The dissections jointly by the author and Dr Carter’

Henry Dill, [No age stated], [Occupation not stated]

Occupation or role: [Occupation not stated]
Age: [No age stated]
Gender: Male
Date of admission: 28 Apr 1858
Date of death: 18 Aug 1858
Disease (transcribed): Phthisis. Ulceration of the rectum
Disease (standardised): Tuberculosis (Lungs); Ulcer (Rectum)
Admitted under the care of: Tatum, Thomas
Medical examination performed by: Holmes, Timothy and Gray, Henry
Post mortem examination performed by: Cooper, George Frederick
Medical notes: 'For 7 years before admission he had stricture of the urethra, but as it did not trouble him much he did nothing for it, but of late he has suffered from incontinence of urine, so on admission No 4 silver catheter was introduced into bladder, which he continued to pass daily, with little benefit except for relieving his bladder, as some urine was always retained, till just before his death. He also had a fistula in ano for 9 months before admission, for which he went, 2 months previous to this time, into the Middlesex Hospital where it was twice divided but at neither time did it heal’
Body parts examined in the post mortem: Larynx, thorax, abdomen

Type of incident: n/a

Richard Dunn, 27, [Occupation not stated]

Occupation or role: [Occupation not stated]
Age: 27
Gender: Male
Date of admission: 11 Jul 1858
Date of death: 17 Aug 1858
Disease (transcribed): Stricture of the urethra. Pneumonia
Disease (standardised): Constriction (Urethra); Pneumonia (Lungs)
Admitted under the care of: Hawkins, Caesar Henry
Medical examination performed by: Holmes, Timothy and Gray, Henry
Post mortem examination performed by: Cooper, George Frederick
Medical notes: 'This man, having been intemperate previously became at Xmas last a total abstainer from spirits &c. He had had a slight stricture for two years, but suffered no inconvenience from it till the 10th Jul when he found great difficulty in passing his water’
Body parts examined in the post mortem: Thorax, abdomen, cranium

Type of incident: n/a

Joel Wright, 6, [Occupation not stated]

Occupation or role: [Occupation not stated]
Age: 6
Gender: Male
Date of admission: 9 Dec 1857
Date of death: 18 Jan 1858
Disease (transcribed): Strumous tubercles of the brain & lungs
Disease (standardised): Tuberculosis (Brain, lungs)
Admitted under the care of: Pitman, Henry
Medical examination performed by: Holmes, Timothy and Gray, Henry
Post mortem examination performed by: Rogers, George Goddard
Medical notes: 'A poor, scrofulous-looking child who had been out of health two months according to the mother’s account. Probably he had always been ill-nourished & sickly’
Body parts examined in the post mortem: Cranium, thorax, abdomen

Type of incident: n/a

Charles Groom, 47, Labourer

Occupation or role: Labourer
Age: 47
Gender: Male
Date of admission: 10 Dec 1857
Date of death: 16 Jan 1858
Disease (transcribed): Bronchitis. Granular kidneys. Anasarca
Disease (standardised): Bronchitis (Lungs); Disease (Kidneys); Edema (Systemic)
Admitted under the care of: Pitman, Henry
Medical examination performed by: Holmes, Timothy and Gray, Henry
Post mortem examination performed by: Rogers, George Goddard
Medical notes: 'A labourer who had been suffering from cough & shortness of breath for two months, however he kept on with his daily work until a week before admission when owing to the great increase of dyspnoea he was compelled to lay up’
Body parts examined in the post mortem: Thorax, abdomen

Type of incident: n/a

Jabez Gray, 20, Labourer

Occupation or role: Labourer
Age: 20
Gender: Male
Date of admission: 4 Jan 1858
Date of death: 12 Jan 1858
Disease (transcribed): Laryngitis. Inflammation of the trachea, bronchi & lungs
Disease (standardised): Laryngitis (Larynx); Inflammation (Trachea, bronchi, lungs)
Admitted under the care of: Bence Jones, Henry
Medical examination performed by: Holmes, Timothy and Gray, Henry
Post mortem examination performed by: Rogers, George Goddard
Medical notes: 'A labouring man who had been ill 11 days. The first week it was simply a cold, then he began to have pain in the throat, swelling at the angles of the jaws & difficulty in swallowing’
Body parts examined in the post mortem: Larynx, thorax, abdomen

Type of incident: n/a

James Brownjohn, 35, [Occupation not stated]

Occupation or role: [Occupation not stated]
Age: 35
Gender: Male
Date of admission: 2 Dec 1857
Date of death: 10 Jan 1858
Disease (transcribed): Softening of the brain. Inflammation of the kidneys, ureter & bladder
Disease (standardised): Softening (Brain); Inflammation (Kidneys, ureter, bladder)
Admitted under the care of: Bence Jones, Henry
Medical examination performed by: Holmes, Timothy and Gray, Henry
Post mortem examination performed by: n/a
Medical notes: 'This patient had three paralytic attacks, in the first, three years ago, the right arm & leg were paralysed; a year ago the left leg was paralysed for a few hours; six months later the left eyelid dropped & the left leg was almost paralysed’
Body parts examined in the post mortem: Cranium, thorax, abdomen

Type of incident: n/a

Susanna Trianer, 59, [No occupation stated]

Occupation or role: [No occupation stated]
Age: 59
Gender: Female
Date of admission: 18 Mar 1857
Date of death: 28 Mar 1857
Disease (transcribed): Gall stones. Diseased kidneys
Disease (standardised): Gall stones (Gall bladder); Disease (Kidney)
Admitted under the care of: Page, William Emanuel
Medical examination performed by: Rogers, George Goddard
Post mortem examination performed by: Gray, Henry
Medical notes: A month ago she received a sudden fright which was followed by rigors and excessive heat of skin, accompanied by perspiration.
Body parts examined in the post mortem: Thorax and abdomen
Type of incident: n/a

George Goding, 3 months, [No occupation stated]

Occupation or role: [No occupation stated]
Age: 3 months
Gender: Male
Date of admission: 26 Mar 1857
Date of death: 28 Mar 1857
Disease (transcribed): Croup; after operation for harelip
Disease (standardised): Croup (Larynx); Cleft lip (Lip); Operation (Lip)
Admitted under the care of: Bence Jones, Henry
Medical examination performed by: Rogers, George Goddard
Post mortem examination performed by: Gray, Henry
Medical notes: The mother of this child reported that it had been quite healthy until about ten days ago when it was brought to the hospital to be operated upon for harelip.
Body parts examined in the post mortem: Larynx, trachea and abdomen
Type of incident: n/a

Charles Collins, 60, Coachman

Occupation or role: Coachman
Age: 60
Gender: Male
Date of admission: 20 Mar 1857
Date of death: 28 Mar 1857
Disease (transcribed): Amputation of finger. Diffuse inflammation of forearm and arm
Disease (standardised): Amputation (Finger); Inflammation (Arm)
Admitted under the care of: Cutler, Edward
Medical examination performed by: Wintle, Frederic J.W.
Post mortem examination performed by: Gray, Henry
Medical notes: This man stated that two months before his admission he cut his hand in cleaning some harness and fancied it became poisoned by some varnish he used.
Body parts examined in the post mortem: Thorax and abdomen
Type of incident: Trauma/accident

Ann Bailey, 19, [No occupation stated]

Occupation or role: [No occupation stated]
Age: 19
Gender: Female
Date of admission: 12 Nov 1856
Date of death: 27 Mar 1857
Disease (transcribed): Phthisis. Pneumonia
Disease (standardised): Tuberculosis (Lung); Pneumonia (Lung)
Admitted under the care of: Bence Jones, Henry
Medical examination performed by: Rogers, George Goddard
Post mortem examination performed by: Gray, Henry
Medical notes: This woman came into the hospital last November. She was suffering from pain in the right side which was set down as hysterical.
Body parts examined in the post mortem: Thorax and abdomen
Type of incident: n/a

Mary Ann George, 13 months, [No occupation stated]

Occupation or role: [No occupation stated]
Age: 13 months
Gender: Female
Date of admission: 11 Mar 1857
Date of death: 16 Mar 1857
Disease (transcribed): Abscess and sloughing of scalp. Necrosed bone
Disease (standardised): Abscess (Scalp); Sloughing (Scalp); Necrosis (Skull)
Admitted under the care of: Johnson, Henry Charles
Medical examination performed by: Wintle, Frederic J.W.
Post mortem examination performed by: Gray, Henry
Medical notes: This child was brought to the hospital in an extremely weak and prostate condition having, according to the mother first recovered from measles.
Body parts examined in the post mortem: Cranium, thorax and abdomen
Type of incident: n/a

Elizabeth Seymour, 36, [No occupation stated]

Occupation or role: [No occupation stated]
Age: 36
Gender: Female
Date of admission: 2 Jan 1857
Date of death: 16 Mar 1857
Disease (transcribed): Fibrous tumour of the uterus. Peritonitis
Disease (standardised): Tumour (Uterus); Peritonitis (Abdomen)
Admitted under the care of: Cutler, Edward
Medical examination performed by: Wintle, Frederic J.W.
Post mortem examination performed by: Gray, Henry
Medical notes: This woman had four miscarriages when about three months pregnant, the last being three years ago. Soon after which time she experienced pain in the loins of a dull aching character with bearing down and darting pains through the uterus.
Body parts examined in the post mortem: Abdomen and pelvis
Type of incident: n/a

John Fowler, 60, [No occupation stated]

Occupation or role: [No occupation stated]
Age: 60
Gender: Male
Date of admission: 14 Mar 1857
Date of death: 15 Mar 1857
Disease (transcribed): Operation for inguinal hernia. Ruptured sac. Peritonitis
Disease (standardised): Hernia (Abdomen); Operation (Abdomen); Rupture (Abdomen); Peritonitis (Abdomen)
Admitted under the care of: Tatum, Thomas
Medical examination performed by: Wintle, Frederic J.W.
Post mortem examination performed by: Gray, Henry
Medical notes: This man was the subject of congenital inguinal hernia which had been operated upon fifteen years ago.
Body parts examined in the post mortem: Thorax
Type of incident: n/a

William Morgan, 42, Cabman

Occupation or role: Cabman
Age: 42
Gender: Male
Date of admission: 6 Mar 1857
Date of death: 14 Mar 1857
Disease (transcribed): Lacerated lung. Fractured rib, clavicle and humerus
Disease (standardised): Laceration (Lung); Fracture (Ribs); Fracture (Clavicle); Fracture (Arm)
Admitted under the care of: Tatum, Thomas
Medical examination performed by: Wintle, Frederic J.W.
Post mortem examination performed by: Gray, Henry
Medical notes: This man had a very extensive injury to the chest. It appeared that he had been driving rapidly and by some means drove into an area of an unfurnished house.
Body parts examined in the post mortem: Thorax and abdomen
Type of incident: Trauma/accident

Richard Brotherton, 57, Stonemason

Occupation or role: Stonemason
Age: 57
Gender: Male
Date of admission: 21 Jan 1857
Date of death: 14 Mar 1857
Disease (transcribed): Dropsy. Cardiac and renal disease
Disease (standardised): Oedema (Leg); Disease (Heart); Disease (Kidney)
Admitted under the care of: Nairne, Robert
Medical examination performed by: Rogers, George Goddard
Post mortem examination performed by: Gray, Henry
Medical notes: He was engaged in his work at Winchester and caught cold and became much troubled with shortness of breath.
Body parts examined in the post mortem: Thorax and abdomen
Type of incident: n/a

Robert Stephenson, 54, [No occupation stated]

Occupation or role: [No occupation stated]
Age: 54
Gender: Male
Date of admission: 4 Feb 1857
Date of death: 6 Mar 1857
Disease (transcribed): Cardiac and renal disease
Disease (standardised): Disease (Heart); Disease (Kidney)
Admitted under the care of: Bence Jones, Henry
Medical examination performed by: Rogers, George Goddard
Post mortem examination performed by: Gray, Henry
Medical notes: This man was admitted in an anasarcous condition with violent palpitation and dyspnoea.
Body parts examined in the post mortem: Thorax and abdomen
Type of incident: n/a

William Hamlin, 50, [No occupation stated]

Occupation or role: [No occupation stated]
Age: 50
Gender: Male
Date of admission: 26 Feb 1857
Date of death: 5 Mar 1857
Disease (transcribed): Fractured leg. Diseased kidneys
Disease (standardised): Fracture (Leg); Disease (Kidney)
Admitted under the care of: Cutler, Edward
Medical examination performed by: Wintle, Frederic J.W.
Post mortem examination performed by: Gray, Henry
Medical notes: His right foot had been caught between two barges as he was attempting to get from one to the other and slipping he fell, his foot remaining fixed and consequently much twisted.
Body parts examined in the post mortem: Thorax and abdomen
Type of incident: Trauma/accident

Elizabeth Rich, 58, [No occupation stated]

Occupation or role: [No occupation stated]
Age: 58
Gender: Female
Date of admission: 19 Jan 1857
Date of death: 5 Mar 1857
Disease (transcribed): Malignant disease of the liver
Disease (standardised): Cancer (Liver)
Admitted under the care of: Bence Jones, Henry
Medical examination performed by: Rogers, George Goddard
Post mortem examination performed by: Gray, Henry
Medical notes: This woman, who was admitted in a very enfeebled condition, stated that a fortnight ago she perceived that her ankles were frequently swollen and very shortly after an anasarcous condition came on.
Body parts examined in the post mortem: Thorax and abdomen
Type of incident: n/a

Thomas Buckle, 23, Groom

Occupation or role: Groom
Age: 23
Gender: Male
Date of admission: 1 Jan 1857
Date of death: 1 Mar 1857
Disease (transcribed): Rheumatism. Diseased heart. Deposit in spleen and kidneys
Disease (standardised): Rheumatic diseases (Tissues); Disease (Heart); Deposits (Spleen); Deposits (Kidneys)
Admitted under the care of: Nairne, Robert
Medical examination performed by: Rogers, George Goddard
Post mortem examination performed by: Gray, Henry
Medical notes: He was admitted suffering from rheumatism of a subacute character.
Body parts examined in the post mortem: Thorax, abdomen and cranium
Type of incident: n/a

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